Public HealthUniversal Health Coverage

Sign the petition – Add your voice to the call for #HealthForAll

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update

Sign the petition – Add your voice to the call for #HealthForAll

Universal health coverage means that all people have access to health services they need, when and where they need them, without financial hardship.

UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE

We believe everyone should have access to the health services they need, when they need it, without facing financial hardship. Health for all people in the world is possible. Help lead the way to making it a reality.

Universal health coverage is a political choice. I call on all leaders to make that choice! Everyone can express their support for #HealthForAll by signing this petition-  Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

Currently, for at least half of the people in the world this is not possible. About 100 million people are pushed into extreme poverty each year because of out-of-pocket spending on health. This must change.

To make health for all a reality, we need commitment at all levels of society to ensure high-quality services to all people as close to home as possible.

 

Sign the petition – Add your voice to the call for #HealthForAll (Click Here)

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Global Health NewsMaternal, Newborn and Child HealthPublic HealthPublic Health NewsPublic Health UpdateSuccess Stories

Six WHO South-East Asia countries felicitated for public health achievements

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update

Six WHO South-East Asia countries felicitated for public health achievements

Congratulations Nepal??️, Bangladesh??️, Bhutan??️, Maldives??️, Sri Lanka and Thailand??

 

New Delhi, 3 September 2019: Ministers of Health of six Member countries of WHO South-East Asia Region were today felicitated for public health achievements in recent months such as measles elimination, hepatitis B control, and elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and Syphilis.

Sri Lanka was recognized for eliminating measles; Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Thailand for becoming the first four countries from the Region to control Hepatitis B; and Maldives for eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV and Syphilis.

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Presenting citations to the Ministers for their public health achievements at a side event during the Seventy Second Session of WHO Regional Committee of South-East Asia in New Delhi, the Regional Director, Dr Poonam Khetrapal Singh, and said, “disease eliminations have always been high on our agenda. When I talk about sustain, accelerate and innovate, ‘accelerate’ is to step up efforts to eliminate diseases like the neglected tropical diseases.”

The Minister of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine, Sri Lanka, Dr Rajitha Senaratne, was presented the citation for measles elimination. Sri Lanka is the fifth country in the Region to eliminate measles, a flagship priority program of WHO in South-East Asia since 2014.

The citations for Hepatitis B control were presented to Nepal’s Deputy Prime Minister and Health Minister, Mr Upendra Yadav, Bhutan’s Minister of Health, Ms Dechen Wangmo; Thailand’s Deputy Minister of Public Health, Mr Sathit Pitutecha, and Additional Secretary, Health Services Division, Bangladesh, Mr Md Saidur Rahman. Controlling hepatitis B by reducing disease prevalence to less than one per cent among five-year-olds, significantly reduces chronic infections and cases of liver cancer and cirrhosis in adulthood.

Citations for Hepatitis B control presented to Nepal’s Deputy Prime Minister and Health Minister Mr. Upendra Yadav WHO

The Minister of Health of Maldives, Mr Abdulla Ameen, was presented a citation for eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV and Syphilis. Maldives is only the second country in the Region to have achieved this feat after Thailand.

This is the fourth consecutive year that the public health achievements awards were presented to Member countries on the sidelines of the Regional Committee Session. With focused and concerted efforts, Member countries are making substantial progress around the priority health issues.

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Bhutan, Maldives eliminate measles

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Sri Lanka ?? eliminates measles

Bhutan, Maldives eliminate measles

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Algeria and Argentina certified malaria-free by WHO

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Master of Science in Public Health (MSc.PH program), Kathmandu University
CoursesMaster's DegreeSchool of Public HealthSyllabusUniversities

Master of Science in Public Health (MSc.PH program), Kathmandu University

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update

Goal of the Program 

The MSc.PH program will produce competent public health graduates with advanced knowledge and practical skills to design and implement strategic public health solutions at national and global levels, conduct public health research, and train people in their respective fields of expertise.

This course is based on wide-range of pedagogical approaches including problem based learning, didactic lectures, journal clubs, online learning, seminars, workshops, etc. The students will benefit from the existing rural community-based health programs of Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital; on-going research activities; and extensive national and international collaborative partnerships.

Objectives of the Program

MSc.PH in Epidemiology

Upon satisfactory completion of the MSc.PH in Epidemiology, graduates will be able to:

  • Use existing data to provide background to determine priorities and formulate public health investigations,
  • Create and/or use existing measurement instruments in collection of data to determine public health status and priorities and to evaluate interventions,
  • Create aims and objectives to address gaps in public health knowledge and programs,
  • Select appropriate study designs for interventions and investigations, considering their advantages and limitations,
  • Identify risk or preventive factors that may contribute to outcomes and incorporate them into preventive strategy,
  • Use software applications to collect, manage and analyse data to reveal associations and predict public health problems or solutions,
  • Interpret results of an epidemiologic study, including the relation to findings from other epidemiologic studies, the potential biological and/or social mechanisms, the limitations of the study, and the public health implications,
  • Critically review the scientific literature, synthesize the findings across studies, and make appropriate public health recommendations based on current knowledge,
  • Write a clear description of the rationale, methods, results and interpretation of an epidemiologic investigation,
  • Apply epidemiologic skills in public health settings, specifically in the formulation or application of public health programs or policies. 

MSc.PH in Global health

Upon satisfactory completion of the MSc. PH in Global Health graduates will be able to:

  • Perform evidence based health promotion and disease prevention projects, management, administration, implementation through team work and participation;
  • Analyse the most common causes of morbidity and mortality globally, both communicable and non-communicable, among new-borns, children, adolescents, men and women and apply this knowledge in design, implementation or evaluation of health services or programs;
  • Utilize the data from major components of health information systems (e.g. surveillance, national registries, surveys and administrative data) in planning, implementing and monitoring disease status and health programs;
  • Use quantitative and/or qualitative skills to assess effectiveness of health interventions in national and global setting;
  • Supervise health personnel to assist local development organizations that are concerned with global health;
  • Analyse important global health problems, inequity, and contribution to address the challenges including capacity building of research and education;
  • Incorporate rigorous epidemiologic study designs in program evaluation and implementation science in resource-poor settings;
  • Analyse how historical, political, and economic factors are shaping, maintaining and reforming health and health care systems; and
  • Apply scientific methods to plan, scale up and/or evaluate intervention and to improve determinants of health and health systems. 

Total Seat

  • 10

Course Duration

  • The two and half years program will be divided into five semesters including fifth semester will be compulsory internship.

Course Structure

Subjects in M.Sc. Public Health (Epidemiology) 

[* electives] 

First Semester

  1. Basic Concept in Public Health I
  2. Basic Concept in Public Health II
  3. Epidemiology I
  4. Biostatistics I
  5. Epidemiology II
  6. Biostatistics II
  7. Health Education and Health Promotion
  8. Recent Advances in Public Health
  9. Data Analysis and Statistical Software Usages

Second Semester

  1. Introduction to Research Methodology
  2. Proposal Writing and Scientific Communication
  3. Social, Behaviour, Population Science and Ethics in Health
  4. Health System and Public Health Planning (National and International)
  5. Qualitative Research Method
  6. Environmental and Occupational Health
  7. Community-orientated Health Practice
  8. Communicable Diseases*
  9. Non-communicable Diseases*
  10. Maternal, Child and Geriatric Health*
  11. Gender and Equity Issues in public health*
  12. Monitoring and Evaluation in Public health*
  13. Mental Health Issues in Public health*
  14. Literature Search and Management

Third Semester

  1. Advanced Epidemiology
  2. Advanced Biostatistics
  3. Systematic Review and Meta Analyses
  4. Epidemiology Seminars
  5. Independent Study
  6. Practicum

Fourth Semester

  1. Thesis

Fifth Semester

  1. Internship (6 months)

Subjects in M.Sc. Public Health (Global Health)

[* electives] 

First Semester

  1. Basic Concept in Public Health I
  2. Basic Concept in Public Health II
  3. Epidemiology I
  4. Biostatistics I
  5. Epidemiology II
  6. Biostatistics II
  7. Health Education and Health Promotion
  8. Recent Advances in Public Health
  9. Data Analysis and Statistical Software Usages

Second Semester

  1. Introduction to Research Methodology
  2. Proposal Writing and Scientific Communication
  3. Social, Behaviour, Population Science and Ethics in Health
  4. Health System and Public Health Planning (National and International)
  5. Qualitative Research Method
  6. Environmental and Occupational Health
  7. Community-orientated Health Practice
  8. Communicable Diseases*
  9. Non-communicable Diseases*
  10. Maternal, Child and Geriatric Health*
  11. Gender and Equity issues in Public Health*
  12. Monitoring and Evaluation in Public Health*
  13. Mental Health Issues in Public Health*
  14. Literature Search and Management

Third Semester

  1. Introduction to Global Health
  2. Implementation Science in Global Health
  3. Leadership and Health Management
  4. Health Policy
  5. Health Financing and Economic Evaluation
  6. Global Health Seminar
  7. Independent Study
  8. Project Management Practicum

Fourth Semester

Thesis

Fifth Semester

Internship (6 months)

Eligibility 

  • The eligible applicants will be any individual who has completed a minimum of three years’ Bachelor degree in public health or nursing or physiotherapy or laboratory science or optometry or imaging technology or pharmacy or human biology or MBBS/BDS or equivalent health sciences degree with minimum of 50% score.
  • Three years’ Bachelor Degree holders must have at least three years’ of work experience; and four years’ Bachelor Degree holders must have at least one year of work experience.
  • The work experience must be in health-related area.
  • Registered in respective professional council.

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Guidance for Annual Review Workshop- MoHP

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Guidance for Annual Review Workshop- MoHP

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PRIMARY HEALTH OFFICE LEVEL

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Health Ministers of WHO South-East Asia Region to discuss key challenges next week

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update

Health Ministers of WHO South-East Asia Region to discuss key challenges next week

New Delhi, 30 August 2019: Health Ministers of member countries of WHO South-East Asia Region are meeting here next week to discuss ways of addressing health impact of climate change, the high burden of tuberculosis and strengthening capacities for emergency risk management.

Elimination of measles, a childhood killer disease; cervical cancer and other non-communicable diseases; and strengthening health services and workforce for universal health coverage are other key issues that will be taken up at the Seventy-Second Regional Committee Session of WHO South-East Asia from 2 September to 6 September 2019.

India’s Minister for Health and Family Welfare Dr Harsh Vardhan, Nepal’s Deputy Prime Minister and Health Minister, Mr Upendra Yadav, and Regional Director, WHO South-East Asia, Dr Poonam Khetrapal Singh, will be addressing the inaugural session of the Regional Committee, the governing body of WHO in the Region. Health ministers and senior officials from all 11 Member countries and senior WHO officials will be attending the week-long deliberations.

This is the first Regional Committee Session after unanimous re-election of Dr Khetrapal Singh as Regional Director for a second five-year term.

Dr Khetrapal Singh, whose first term was marked by unprecedented public health achievements and progress in the Region, would be further firming up regional goals and targets along with Member countries for the next five years.

The Regional Director’s vision for the next five years is to sustain progress, accelerate efforts and innovate to achieve the targets of priority health programmes.

The Region has eight flagship priority programmes – measles elimination and rubella control; preventing non-communicable diseases; reducing maternal, under-five and neonatal mortality; universal health coverage with a focus on human resources for health and essential medicines; combating antimicrobial resistance; scaling up capacities for emergency risk management; eliminating neglected tropical diseases and accelerating efforts to end TB.

The regional priorities are aligned to the UN Sustainable Development Goals and WHO’s global triple billion – one billion more people benefitting from universal health coverage (UHC); one billion more people better protected from health emergencies; and one billion more people enjoying better health and well-being.

Home to over one-fourth of the global population, WHO South-East Asia Region has made remarkable progress in several priority programmes in the last five years. In 2014 the Region was certified polio-free. In 2015 Maldives and was certified malaria-free. Sri Lanka soon achieved the same. In 2016 the Region became the second WHO region to eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus. In the same year Thailand became the first country in Asia – and the first globally with a large HIV epidemic – to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis. Maldives achieved the same in 2019.

Bhutan, Maldives, DPR Korea, Timor-Leste and Sri Lanka have eliminated measles. Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Timor-Leste have controlled rubella. Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand have eliminated lymphatic filariasis. India is yaws-free; Nepal has eliminated trachoma. Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Thailand have controlled Hepatitis B.

Between 1990 and 2015 maternal mortality ratio declined by 69%, under-five mortality by 70%. DPR Korea, Indonesia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand have already achieved global Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets for neonatal and under-5 mortality. Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand have done the same for maternal mortality.

All countries in the Region have multi-sectoral plans to address non-communicable diseases and are addressing antimicrobial resistance with ‘One Health’ approach.

In the Region’s pursuit of universal health coverage, access to safe, good-quality medicine is being enhanced through the South-East Asia Regulatory Network, which was launched in November 2016. Investments in strengthening capacities for emergency risk management have resulted in better management of major health emergencies such as Nepal earthquake, the recurring events of cyclone, floods etc.

WHO NEPAL 
UN House, Pulchowk | P.O Box: 108 | Lalitpur | Kathmandu | Nepal 
Tel.   +977-1-5523200 
Website: http://www.searo.who.int/nepal

 

Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Thailand achieve Hepatitis B control: WHO

Bhutan, Maldives eliminate measles

Thailand becomes trans fat free country ??

Algeria and Argentina certified malaria-free by WHO

Nepal: first country in South-East Asia validated for eliminating trachoma

Maldives ?? eliminates mother-to-child transmission of HIV, Syphilis

Sri Lanka ?? eliminates measles

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Health SystemsInternational Plan, Policy & GuidelinesPublic HealthResearch & Publication

Strategies to Strengthen Referral From Primary Care to Secondary Care in LMICs

by Public Health Update
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Strategies to strengthen referral from primary care to secondary care in low- and middle-income countries

The Asia Pacific Observatory on Health Systems and Policies is a collaborative partnership which supports and promotes evidence-based health policy making in the Asia Pacific Region. Based in WHO’s Regional Office for South-East Asia, it brings together governments, international agencies, foundations, civil society and the research community with the aim of linking systematic and scientific analysis of health systems in the Asia Pacific Region with the decision-makers who shape policy and practice.

Overview

Primary care is seen as a main way for achieving UHC in many countries. Creating an essential package of services and bringing those services nearer to users are essential to improve coverage. However, just as important are availability of hospital services and integration of the hospital and primary care. 

This policy brief and the accompanying background paper identifies the current challenges that many low- and middle-income countries are grappling with when it comes to delineating services that patients should use at primary or secondary care level and using published documents, identifies three strategies that contribute to better management of referrals: 

  • introduce / enhance gatekeeping role of primary care providers;
  • define clearly package of services that are provided in each level; and
  • link financing and provider payment mechanisms for each level.

The above strategies work best when they are out in place together as a package rather than individually. The brief concludes by identifying an approach to introduce these strategies within the health architecture. 

Conclusion and Recommendation

The extent of and quality of care provided at primary and secondary levels is a key determinant of a number of health system outcomes, including QoC, patient satisfaction, and costs of care. Formal management of the division of services between these levels, and of the process of referral between the primary and secondary levels, can enable better management of demand for care, improve patient care and patient satisfaction, and control costs. This is particularly an issue for countries introducing UHC schemes, which reduce barriers to access to services, and can result in an increase in demand.
Effective management of the division of services and referral between service levels requires balancing across competing outcomes – patient satisfaction, QoC, control of costs, and equity in utilization. While there are effective strategies, the effectiveness of these strategies depends on other aspects of health system function, including financing and workforce allocation to facilities at different levels, incentives generated by payment mechanisms, and the trust and confidence of patients and communities in the services provided.

Approach to addressing referral

  • Identify current problems with the referral system, with a focus on the quality and capacity of services at the primary and secondary levels, distribution of workforce between the levels, and levels of patient satisfaction and confidence in services at each level. There may be different issues in different local contexts, e.g. overuse of hospitals in urban areas, and underuse in rural areas or by disadvantaged groups. Based on this, identify the aims for policy in this area.
  • Identify the key drivers of provider practices and patient behaviour that result in these problems.  In particular, these include the determinants of the services and capacity to provide these services at the primary and secondary levels (e.g. funding and workforce distribution), the determinants of provider behaviour (e.g. payment mechanisms and salary incentives), and the determinants of patient behaviour (e.g. barriers to access, beliefs and expectations, confidence and trust in providers).
  • Where resource redistribution (e.g. from secondary to primary care levels) is a key policy objective, consider defining benefit packages/ packages of services to be provided at each level, as a lever to obtain increased funding, and to determine payment mechanisms, particularly from insurance schemes that provide the appropriate incentives.
  • Where more active demand management is sought, consider a formal gatekeeping role for PHC, while ensuring adequate PHC capacity, appropriate incentives for patients and doctors, and establishing an effective process and mechanism for referral upwards and backwards.

Krishna Hort, Katherine Gilbert, Prabhathi Basnayaka & Peter Leslie Annear. (‎2019)‎. Strategies to strengthen referral from primary care to secondary care in low- and middle-income countries. World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/325734. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

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Important Notice! Health & Health Institution Security Coordination Committee

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Important Notice! Health & Health Institution Security Coordination CommitteeScreen Shot 2019 08 16 at 11.13.36

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Postdoctoral Research Fellow – University of Bergen

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KIT OKP Scholarships for Master of Public Health (MPH)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – University of Bergen

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Monitoring and Evaluation of Health Sector in Federal Context

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Monitoring and Evaluation of Health Sector in Federal Context- Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP)

Monitoring and Evaluation of Health Sector in Federal Context

Monitoring and Evaluation of Health Sector in Federal Context

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Bachelor of Public Health Program- Karnali Academy of Health Sciences
CoursesSchool of Public HealthSyllabusUndergraduate DegreeUniversitiesUniversities & School of Public Health

Bachelor of Public Health Program- Karnali Academy of Health Sciences

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update

Karnali Academy of Health Sciences (KAHS) aims to produce the next generation of health professionals and leaders through educational excellence, innovative research, evidence-informed patient-centered care, public health advocacy and collaborative community engagement for health promotion and wellness, as well as disease prevention and cure locally and globally. In this connection the BACHELOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH (BPH) program will be one of the cornerstones to achieve the goals of the KAHS.

Syllabus, Eligibility and Entrance Model for Bachelor in Public Health (BPH)

Background and Goals of the BPH Program

There is a dearth of core public health professionals in the government health machinery. With a rapid health transition taking place, Nepal faces two threats, one being the rising disease burden and other is the poor allocation of government funds. Both can be effectively managed by personnel trained in public health through appropriate public health training, i.e. ability to involve communities, work in multidisciplinary teams, and lobbying with government and community leaders with a deep understanding of social, economic and environmental determinants of health. Public health professionals are well armed to face these challenges. 

Purpose of the Program

The most widely recognized professional credential for leadership in public health is Bachelor of Public Health (BPH) degree. This program prepares students to be competitive on a global level in vast area of community health. It emphasizes on acquisition of skills essential to practice of public health through techniques like student directed learning, problem solving and field postings. Public health professionals can function as policy analysts, health planners, epidemiologists, demographers, social and behavioral scientists.

Mission of the Program

KAHS prepares public health leaders to build a tradition of public health that challenges conventional thinking with excellence on integrity, ethical behavior and respect for diversity for the ascertainment of the School of Public Health, KAHS to new horizons.

Vision of the Program

The vision of the BPH program is to promote and maintain health across the population; prevent disease and injury and reduce health inequalities; conduct community based quality research that transformed into practice; train and create a cadre of Public Health Leadership, and ensure collective commitment to ethical behavior.

Objectives

By the completion of BPH program the students will achieve the following objectives:

  • To develop the knowledge and skills in the basic medical sciences and their application.
  • Enhance the knowledge and practical skills in public health, primary health care, health system development, health economics, nutrition, and occupational and environmental health.
  • Train and develop the students on epidemiological aspects of diseases.
  • To develop skills in analyzing, designing and evaluating applied public health research and management.
  • Ensure the skillful practice and leading human resources through community diagnosis, family health exercise and district health system management.
  • Develop research and scientific writing skills.
  • Develop extracurricular competencies through training, seminar and exposure to school health, water supply, dairy product and waste treatment etc.

Duration of the course

Bachelor of Public Health (BPH) is a 4 years’ academic programme which includes 6 months of practical posting in the final year.

The normal duration for completing the BPH course is four years. However the student is allowed normal duration (4 years) plus three years to complete the course. If student is unable to complete the course within seven years from the date of admission, the registration in academy will be canceled.

The Course Outline of BPH Program

First Year

  • Communication Skill and Practices
  • Integrated Health Sciences-I
  • Integrated Health Sciences-II
  • Biostatistics I, Demography and Health Informatics
  • Health Promotion Education I and Behavioral Sciences I
  • Public Health and Practices
  • Integrated Public Health Field Exercise

Second Year

  • Biostatistics and  Research  Methodology
  • Family Health I and Nutrition I
  • Health Promotion Education II and Behavioral Sciences II
  • Environmental and Occupational Health
  • Public Health Administration and Leadership Management I
  • Epidemiology (Basic) I
  • Community Health Diagnosis

Third Year

  • Family Health II and Nutrition II
  • Health Promotion  Education III
  • Epidemiology (Applied) II
  • Health System Management and Global Health
  • Health Economic, Financing and Health System Management
  • School and Community Health
  • District Health System Management

Fourth Year

  • Public Health Administration & Management
  • Public Health Programme and Project Management
  • Public Health Research
  • Public Health Practicum
  • Elective Course: Mountain Health

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Communicable DiseasesNational Plan, Policy & GuidelinesPublic Health ProgramsPublic Health UpdateResearch & Publication

NTP, Nepal: New TB Treatment Algorithm & Regimen (Updated)

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National Tuberculosis Programme, Nepal: New TB Treatment Algorithm & Regimen (Updated)

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