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Maldives becomes the first country to achieve ‘triple elimination’ of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis B
Communicable DiseasesGlobal Health NewsPublic HealthPublic Health NewsPublic Health UpdateWorld News

Maldives becomes the first country to achieve ‘triple elimination’ of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis B

by Public Health Update October 13, 2025
written by Public Health Update

In a landmark public health achievement, the World Health Organization (WHO) has validated the Maldives for eliminating mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT) of hepatitis B, while maintaining its earlier validation (in 2019) for EMTCT of HIV and syphilis. This makes the Maldives the first country in the world to achieve ‘triple elimination’.

“Maldives has shown that with strong political will and sustained investment in maternal and child health, elimination of mother-to-child transmission of these deadly diseases, and the suffering they bring, is possible,” said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “This historic milestone provides hope and inspiration for countries everywhere working towards the same goal.”

Mother-to-child transmission leads to infections that affect millions worldwide. In the WHO South-East Asia Region alone, provisional estimates indicate that in 2024, more than 23 000 pregnant women had syphilis and over 8000 infants were born with congenital syphilis. About 25 000 HIV-positive pregnant women required treatment to prevent transmission to their babies, while hepatitis B continues to affect more than 42 million people in the Region.

“Maldives’ achievement is a testament to its unwavering commitment towards universal health coverage, to provide quality and equitable care across its dispersed islands to all, including migrants.” said Dr Catharina Boehme, Officer-in-Charge, WHO South-East Asia Regional Office. “This landmark feat is an important step towards ‘Healthy Beginnings, Hopeful Futures,’ for improving maternal and newborn health by ending preventable deaths and prioritizing long-term well-being. I congratulate Maldives and look forward to the country pioneering progress in many other areas, while sustaining these gains.”

Integrated care, universal health coverage and partnerships drive historic success

Over years, Maldives has built an integrated and comprehensive approach to maternal and child health. More than 95% of pregnant women receive antenatal care, with nearly universal testing for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B. The country also has a strong immunization system, with over 95% of newborns consistently receiving a timely dose of hepatitis B birth dose and full vaccine coverage, protecting infants from lifelong infection. As a result, no babies were born with HIV or syphilis in 2022 and 2023, while a 2023 national survey confirmed zero hepatitis B among young children (first grade of school), surpassing elimination targets. These achievements are backed by universal health coverage, which guarantees free antenatal care, vaccines and diagnostic services for all residents, including migrants, supported by strong policies and investment of over 10% of GDP in health.

“This historic validation is a moment of immense pride for the Maldives and a reflection of our nation’s steadfast commitment to protecting mothers, children and future generations,” said H.E Abdulla Nazim Ibrahim, Minister of Health, Maldives. “Achieving triple elimination is not only a milestone for our health sector, but also a pledge by the Government to our people that we will continue to invest in resilient, equitable and high-quality health services that leave no one behind.”

This milestone reflects strong partnerships between government, private health providers, civil society, and international partners, working together on screening, services, outreach, and technical support.

“The Maldives’ triple elimination stands as a powerful example of how sustained investment in health systems, innovation, and community-based care can change the trajectory of public health, said Ms Payden, WHO Representative to Maldives. “WHO is proud to have partnered with the Government of Maldives and will continue to provide technical support to sustain this achievement and ensure that every child across all the islands have a healthy future.”

Sustaining progress for the future

Maldives will continue to strengthen its health system by integrating digital health information, expanding targeted interventions for key populations and migrants, enhancing private sector engagement and reporting and improving laboratory quality management. WHO will support Maldives to ensure sustained elimination efforts to advance progress for broader maternal, child and adolescent health goals.

Related links:

  • Validation of eliminating of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B
  • Validation process & tools
  • Triple EMTCT in WHO South-East Asia Region

Related posts

  • Maldives ?? eliminates mother-to-child transmission of HIV, Syphilis
    Date
    July 15, 2019
  • Six WHO South-East Asia countries felicitated for public health achievements
    Date
    September 3, 2019
  • Maldives, Sri Lanka achieve Hepatitis B control
    Date
    January 17, 2024

WHO (13 October 2025)


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Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 Country Profile: Nepal
Fact SheetHealth in DataPublic HealthPublic Health Epidemiology & BiostatisticsPublic Health InformationPublic Health Update

Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 Country Profile: Nepal

by Public Health Update October 13, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

The latest Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 Country Profile for Nepal reveals both progress and persistent health challenges. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ischemic heart disease, and stroke continue to be the leading causes of death in Nepal, while air pollution has emerged as the top risk factor contributing to death and disability, according to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 report by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME).

Quick facts

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Nepal Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation 09
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The Global Burden of Disease 2023

Related readings

  • Global Burden of Disease Study 2017, Country Profile: Nepal
    Date
    November 11, 2018
  • Burden of Disease in Nepal (Findings based on Global Burden of Disease 2017)
    Date
    August 7, 2019
  • The Global Burden of Disease 2023
    Date
    October 13, 2025

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October 13, 2025 0 comments
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The Global Burden of Disease 2023
Global Health NewsHealth in DataPublic Health NewsPublic Health UpdateReportsResearch & PublicationWorld News

The Global Burden of Disease 2023

by Public Health Update October 13, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) publishes a new Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in The Lancet, revealing that while global mortality rates are falling overall, the decline has stalled among youths and young adults.

Highlights

  • Half of the world’s disease burden is preventable and driven by 88 modifiable risks, including high blood pressure, air pollution, smoking, and obesity.
  • Global mortality rates are falling but not among youths and young adults, according to the latest Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study published in The Lancet today and presented at the World Health Summit in Berlin.
  • Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) now account for nearly two-thirds of the world’s total mortality and morbidity, with ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes leading the globe.
  • Nearly half of all death and disability could be prevented by modifying some of the leading risk factors, such as reducing high levels of blood sugar and high body mass index (BMI).

Life expectancy (LE)

  • LE and mortality have largely returned to pre-COVID levels.
  • Mortality among children, adolescents, and young adults has declined in most regions except Eastern Europe and high-income North America.
  • New data and methods uncovered higher mortality among women in sub-Saharan Africa than previously reported.
LE
Life expectancy (LE)

Causes of death

  • Causes of death are shifting from infectious to non-communicable diseases, creating new global health challenges, particularly for low-income countries.
  • COVID-19, the leading cause of death in 2021, dropped to 20th place in 2023.
  • Ischemic heart disease and stroke ranked first and second in 2023, followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower respiratory infections, and neonatal disorders.
561358950 826503513058205 4764792050795441973 n
Causes of death

Risk factors

  • Almost half of the global mortality and morbidity in 2023 was attributable to 88 modifiable risk factors.
  • The 10 risk factors with the highest proportion of health loss were high systolic blood pressure, particulate matter pollution, smoking, high fasting plasma glucose, low birthweight and short gestation, high body mass index, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, kidney dysfunction, child growth failure, and lead exposure.
  • Between 2010 and 2023, disability-adjusted life year rates for high body mass index rose by almost 11%, drug use by nearly 9%, and high blood sugar by 6%.
560792781 826539943054562 2057851752800700490 n
Risk factors

Key takeaways

  • Global life expectancy in 2023 is more than 20 years higher compared to 1950, and the age-standardised mortality rate is 67% lower, with all 204 countries and territories reporting declines.
  • Despite these improvements, the world faces an emerging crisis of higher death rates in adolescents and young adults in North America and Latin America due to suicide and drug and alcohol consumption and in sub Saharan Africa due to infectious diseases and unintentional injuries.
  • Non-communicable diseases account for nearly two-thirds of the world’s total mortality and morbidity, led by ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, emerging in the top ten causes.
  • The burden of mental disorders continues to surge globally, with anxiety and depression increasing death and disability by 63% and 26%, respectively.

Further readings

  • IHME: https://www.healthdata.org/news-events/newsroom/news-releases/new-global-burden-disease-study-mortality-declines-youth-deaths
  • Global demographic analysis: http://ms.spr.ly/6188s2bOa
  • Global causes of death: http://ms.spr.ly/6183s2bOF
  • Global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors: http://ms.spr.ly/6185s2bON
  • GBD 2023 data visualization tools, videos, infographics, and resources are now available: http://ms.spr.ly/6189s2bO7
Related
  • Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Main findings
    Date
    November 9, 2018
  • Burden of Disease in Nepal (Findings based on Global Burden of Disease 2017)
    Date
    August 7, 2019
  • Global Burden of Disease Study 2017, Country Profile: Nepal
    Date
    November 11, 2018

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October 13, 2025 0 comments
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World Mental Health Day 2025: Mental Health in Humanitarian Emergencies
Public Health

World Mental Health Today: Latest Data

by Public Health Update October 11, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

World Mental Health Day is observed on 10 October every year. The overall objective of World Mental Health Day is to raise awareness of mental health issues around the world and mobilizing efforts in support of mental health. World Mental Health Day 2025 focuses on the urgent need to support the mental health and psychosocial needs of people affected by humanitarian emergencies.

Latest Data

  • More than 1 billion people worldwide are living with a mental disorder.
  • Globally, suicide accounts for more than one in every 100 deaths, and for each death, there are around 20 suicide attempts.
  • Mental disorders account for one in twenty DALYs globally. They are also the second leading cause of YLDs, representing one in every six YLDs worldwide.
  • Depressive and anxiety disorders are major contributors to YLDs across all age groups (except 0–5 years), particularly among 15–29-year-olds.
  • Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, affecting about 1 in 200 and 1 in 150 adults, respectively, remain major public health concerns.
  • An estimated US$1 trillion is lost each year in productivity due to depression and anxiety.
  • Only 9% of people with depression receive adequate treatment.
  • Without smart, accelerated, and coordinated action, hundreds of millions will continue to suffer unnecessarily, and the broader goals of sustainable development will remain out of reach.

Key messages

  • Mental health is essential for rebuilding lives
    Integrating mental health strengthens emergency response
  • Investing in mental health is investing in recovery
  • Mental health care saves lives
  • Inclusive mental health care leads to stronger communities
  • Protect your mental health
  • Promoting mental well-being through various approaches
  • Protect the well-being of humanitarian workers.

DOWNLOAD FULL REPORT

WHO

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October 11, 2025 0 comments
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WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030
Global Health NewsHealth in DataNon- Communicable Diseases (NCDs)Public Health NewsPublic Health UpdateReportsTobacco Control

WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030

by Public Health Update October 8, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

The WHO Global Report on Trends in the Prevalence of Tobacco Use 2000–2024 and Projections 2025–2030 presents WHO estimates of tobacco use prevalence among populations aged 15 years and older from 2000 to 2024, with trends projected to 2030. The estimates are provided at global, regional, and country levels.

Progress in reducing tobacco use is a key indicator for measuring countries’ efforts to implement the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The estimates are updated every two years and reported to the UN Statistical Division as WHO’s official estimates of Sustainable Development Goals indicator 3.a.1. This indicator is also used to report progress also towards the tobacco use reduction target under the Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013–2020 and towards the WHO’s Fourteenth Global Programme of Work.

In addition, the report presents a global summary of use of different tobacco products and e-cigarettes by children aged 13–15 years from recent national school-based surveys.

Key findings

  • The number of tobacco users has dropped from 1.38 billion in 2000 to 1.2 billion in 2024. Since 2010, the number of people using tobacco has dropped by 120 million – a 27% drop in relative terms. Yet, tobacco still hooks one in five adults worldwide, fuelling millions of preventable deaths every year.
  • WHO has estimated global e-cigarette use – and the numbers are alarming: more than 100 million people worldwide are now vaping. This includes: Adults: at least 86 million users, mostly in high-income countries and Adolescents: at least 15 million children (13–15 years) already using e-cigarettes.
  • In countries with data, children are on average nine times more likely than adults to vape.
  • The tobacco industry is introducing an incessant chain of new products and technologies for its aim to market tobacco addiction with not just cigarettes but also e-cigarettes, nicotine pouches, heated tobacco products among others, which all harm people’s health, and more worryingly the health of new generations, youth and adolescents.
  • More women are quitting tobacco than men: While there has been a steady decline in tobacco use for both men and women across all age-groups during 2000–2024, women have been leading the charge to quit tobacco. They hit the global reduction target for 2025 five years early, reaching the 30% milestone back in 2020. Prevalence of tobacco use among women dropped from 11% in 2010 to just 6.6% in 2024, with the number of female tobacco users falling from 277 million in 2010 to 206 million in 2024.
  • By contrast, men are not expected to reach the goal until 2031. Today, more than four out of five tobacco users worldwide are men, with just under 1 billion men still using tobacco. While prevalence among men has fallen from 41.4% in 2010 to 32.5% in 2024, the pace of change is too slow.

Regional picture

  • South-East Asia: Once the world’s hotspot, prevalence among men nearly halved – from 70% in 2000 to 37% in 2024. The Region alone accounts for over half of the global decline.
  • Africa: Prevalence is the lowest of all regions at 9.5% in 2024, and the Region is on track to meet the 30% target. However, because of population growth, the absolute number of tobacco users continues to rise.
  • Americas: The Region has achieved a 36% relative reduction, with prevalence dropping to 14% in 2024, though some countries still lack sufficient data.
  • Europe: This is now the highest-prevalence Region globally, with 24.1% of adults using tobacco in 2024, with women in Europe having the highest global prevalence at 17.4%.
  • Eastern Mediterranean: Prevalence is 18%, with tobacco use continuing to rise in some countries.
  • Western Pacific: With 22.9% of adults using tobacco in 2024, down from 25.8% in 2010, the progress in this Region is the slowest. While women have low prevalence at 2.5%, men have the highest prevalence of all regions at 43.3%.

Actions needed

  • WHO is urging governments everywhere to step up tobacco control. This means fully implementing and enforcing the MPOWER package and the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, closing loopholes that allow the tobacco and nicotine industries to target children, and regulating new nicotine products like e-cigarettes. It also means raising tobacco taxes, banning advertising, and expanding cessation services so that millions more people can quit.

Download report

Related updates

  • WHO launches new report on global tobacco use trends
    Date
    December 19, 2019
  • World No Tobacco Day 2021: Commit to quit
    Date
    May 26, 2021
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    Date
    July 27, 2019

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UiB PhD positions (8 positions) at the Faculty of Medicine
Grants and Funding OpportunitiesInternational Jobs & OpportunitiesOpportunities by RegionPhDPublic Health OpportunitiesPublic Health Opportunity

UiB PhD positions (8 positions) at the Faculty of Medicine

by Public Health Update October 3, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

The University of Bergen is a renowned educational and research institution, organised into seven faculties and approximately 54 institutes and academic centres. Campus is located in the centre of Bergen with university areas at Nygårdshøyden, Haukeland, Marineholmen, Møllendalsveien and Årstad. At the Faculty of Medicine, four (4) open PhD positions are available along with four (4) positions for students at the Medical Student Research Programme starting 1 February 2026.

The successful candidates will be appointed full-time for a period of three (3) years or a maximum of four (4) months after completion of the PhD degree, should this be achieved by less than four years.

Part-time Option:

It is possible to combine a part-time (50 %) PhD position with another part-time (50 %) position, extending the total employment period to six (6) years. Applicants should indicate this preference in their application and ensure that both employers approve the part-time arrangement before the starting date.

The positions will be affiliated with a department at the faculty relevant for the project.

Four (4) positions are open PhD positions
The positions are available for applicants with a master`s degree relevant for the research at the faculty.

Four (4) PhD positions are designated for applicants that have participated in The Medical Student Research Program:

These positions are exclusively for participants who have completed the Medical Student Research Program. It is a requirement that you start in the position directly after the completion of your degree.
Candidates who graduate during autumn 2025 start on 1 February 2026. Candidates who graduate during spring 2026 start on 1 September 2026.

The successful candidates will be employed in a full-time (100%) position for a period of three (3) years, with the time required to complete the training component of the organized research training (PhD program) deducted, or until a maximum of four (4) months after the application period or upon completion of the PhD degree. The successful candidates will be required to work with the Medical Student Training Program for up to 20 hours per year. This work, which involves recruitment, public relations, and similar tasks, will be agreed upon with the Head of the Medical Student Research Program.

Evaluation of the applicants:

Applicants are evaluated based on the following criteria:

  • Applicant: The applicant’s competence, grades and relevant professional activity. Applicants must have obtained a master`s degree.
  • Project: The scientific value of the project and its feasibility within the framework of the PhD program and research fellowship. 
  • Research environment: The research environment’s ability to develop the candidate, relevant publication activity 
  • Visits to international institutions for periods of 6-12 months will generally be valued positively. The application should include a description of how the visit abroad is integrated and how it will add value to the project

For further information about the evaluation criteria please visit here 

Qualifications and personal qualities:

  • The positions are open to applicants with a professional education or a Masters’ degree relevant for research areas at the faculty.
  • Please also see the requirements for English language qualifications

Organized research training (PhD programme):

A completed PhD degree is the purpose of the position. The candidate must be enrolled and complete the requirement in the PhD programme within the timeframe. The admission and final plan for the PhD programme, including a project plan outline for the training plan must be approved by the faculty no later than three months after starting the position. 

The PhD position: 

PhD positions are fixed-term positions. You cannot be employed in a PhD position for more than one fixed-term period at the same institution or have had similar employment at an institution in the region. 

At the PhD programme the teaching language is in English

Offer:

  • Exciting development opportunities as part of your role in a strong professional environment
    Salary NOK 570 000 (code 1017) in the state salary scale.
    For applicants with at least one year of employment in a position as a General Practitioner or Dentist, salary NOK 585 000 (For applicants who are licensed as medical doctors or dentists, documentation of Norwegian authorization must be submitted with the application.)
    Medical specialist starts on salary NOK 605 000 (For applicants with specialist training, a certificate of specialist approval from the Norwegian Directorate of Health must also be included.)
  • Enrolment in the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund
  • Good welfare benefits

Your application must include the following numbered attachments:

  1. Application letter which includes the name of the project, name of supervisor(s) both main and co-supervisor(s), research group and the department where the project will be performed. The application letter should mention your motivation for a PhD-education with this project. You may apply for both open and earmarked position. Please inform us what you apply for in the application letter.
  2. Project description (max 6 pages), including a summary and references, using this template. Please include area of research, research problems/questions, methods and use of theory
  3. CV (max 3 pages). Use this template
  4. Witnessed (certified) copies of diplomas and transcripts of all academic degrees (original) with certified translation and transcript of grades to English or a Scandinavian language. Recognition of foreign higher education from Norwegian Directorate for Higher Education and Skills (HK – dir) concerning whether the education (bachelor and master) corresponds in scope and level to a Norwegian Master’s degree. Please see https://hkdir.no/en for more information. This will take some time and we recommend you to contact HK – dir as soon as you decide to apply for the position. If no review by the application deadline, please enclose a confirmation from HK – dir that they have received your application. Please note that the automatic recognition offered by HK-dir is not sufficient and will not be accepted as basis for admission to the PhD programme. Please also see the requirements for English language qualifications.
  5. List of any scientific work (PDF) and publication with a brief overview of content and your own contribution for each of these
  6. Any scientific work/publications
  7. Statement from supervisors (max 1 page)
  8. Main supervisor’s CV (max 4 pages) Use this template
  • A description of the main supervisor`s experience with supervision (master- and PhD) must be included. The document must also contain a list of PhD and postdoctoral candidates that the main supervisor is currently main supervisor/mentor for, and that are financed by The Faculty of Medicine. Please list the names of the candidates, the start date, and the expected end date for each candidate. If you are not currently main supervisor or mentor for candidates who are funded by the Faculty of Medicine, this should be clearly stated. A person cannot supervise or act as mentor for more than four (4) PhD and/or postdocs funded by The Faculty at the same time. Please see guidelines here

  9. List of main supervisor’s publications over the last seven years

 10. Review of research group (max 1 page)

 11. Invitation letter for the candidate from a foreign institution (when a stay abroad is part of the project) where the content of the stay is stated

 12. Other relevant enclosures

Please note that we will not process your application if requested documents or information is insufficient. 

Relevant additional information (for example acceptance of submitted articles) can be forwarded until 30th of October 2025 to Selina Sia Hausberg

Also note that the course for PhD supervisors and Treatment of personal data in medical and health research are mandatory for all supervisors and mentors. These courses must be completed before the candidate can be admitted to the program.

Further information:

The main supervisor must hold a permanent position of at least 50 % at the Faculty of Medicine. Exceptions are made for persons in part-time position at the faculty, who holds a full position in Helse Vest, in NORCE or in the primary health service in Western Norway.  

The main supervisor must be employed at the faculty throughout the whole PhD period. Deviations from the rule on appointment for the entire period can be accepted, but then one must explain in the application how the supervision is to be handled by another person employed by the Faculty of Medicine. One cannot be main supervisor if retired or become emeritus within the period of the PhD position.

Please note that only one application from each main supervisor will be processed within each category (PhD and postdoctoral fellow). 

For more information regarding technical matters connected to the application process, please contact HR Adviser Selina Sia Hausberg (e-mail: selina.hausberg@uib.no, phone +47 55 58 61 42)

For more information on the positions, please contact the Dean for Research Silje Skrede (e-mail: silje.skrede@uib.no, phone:+4748 09 37 27).

University of Bergen must follow Norway’s export control regulations when processing applications for this position.

State employment shall reflect the multiplicity of the population at large to the highest possible degree. People with immigrant backgrounds and people with disabilities are encouraged to apply for the position.

The University of Bergen applies the principles of public access to information when recruiting staff for academic positions. Information about the applicant may be made public even if the applicant has asked not to be named in the list of applicants. The applicant must be notified if the request is not met.

Further information about our employment process can be found here.

Official information

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World Lung Day 2025 | Healthy Lungs, Healthy Life | 25 September 2025
Advice & TipsEducationPH Important DayPublic HealthPublic Health Update

World Lung Day 2025: “Healthy Lungs, Healthy Life”

by Public Health Update September 25, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

World Lung Day (WLD) is observed annually on September 25. It is a day for lung health advocacy and action, an opportunity for us all to unite and promote better lung health globally. It was initiated by the Forum of the International Respiratory Society (FIRS) for lung health advocacy and action. The WLD is focused on improving and promoting better lung health globally. (Public Health Update)

Respiratory diseases impose an immense worldwide health burden. Globally, 4 million people die prematurely from chronic respiratory diseases, which include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, acute lower respiratory tract infections, tuberculosis, and lung cancer.

Key facts

Respiratory diseases continue to place a huge burden on global health (data: WHO & FIRS):

  • COPD – Affects 200 million people; causes 3.2 million deaths each year, the third-leading cause of death worldwide.
  • Asthma – One of the most common NCDs, affecting 262 million people globally.
  • Lung Cancer – In 2020, there were 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths. Responsible for 1 in 4 cancer deaths worldwide.
  • Pneumonia (Lower Respiratory Infections) – Causes 2.4 million deaths annually, mainly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). COVID-19 has further worsened pneumonia-related mortality.
  • Children Under 5 – Pneumonia remains the leading single cause of death outside the neonatal period.
  • Tuberculosis (TB) – In 2023, 1.25 million people died from TB, including 161,000 with HIV. TB has likely returned as the world’s leading infectious killer, overtaking COVID-19. It is also the leading cause of death among people with HIV and a major driver of antimicrobial resistance-related deaths.

Key messages

  • Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) affect the lungs and airways.
  • Common CRDs include COPD, asthma, occupational lung diseases, and pulmonary hypertension.
  • Major risk factors: tobacco smoke, air pollution, workplace chemicals/dust, and frequent childhood respiratory infections.
  • CRDs are not curable, but treatments can ease symptoms, open airways, and improve daily life.

Protect Your Lungs Every Day

  • Breathe Clean Air – Avoid polluted areas & support clean-air policies.
  • Be Smoke-Free – Quit smoking & avoid second-hand smoke.
  • Stay Active – Regular exercise boosts lung function.
  • Vaccinate – Protect against flu, pneumonia & COVID-19.
  • Act on Climate – Support actions reducing greenhouse gases.
  • Eat Well – A balanced diet supports respiratory health.

Related readings

  • World Lung Day 2022: Lung Health for All
    Date
    September 24, 2022
  • World Lung Day 2020: Healthy Lungs for All
    Date
    September 24, 2020
  • World Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) Day 2025: Short of Breath, Think COPD!
    Date
    November 19, 2025
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WHO South-East Asia Region announces winners of Public Health Champion Awards
Public Health

WHO South-East Asia Region announces winners of Public Health Champion Awards

by Public Health Update September 22, 2025
written by Public Health Update

New Delhi | 22 September 2025: The Female Community Health Volunteers of Nepal, disability inclusion champion Dr. Satendra Singh, and the Lepra Society, were today announced as winners of the newly instituted WHO South-East Asia Region’s Award for Public Health Champion.

Public Health Calendar 8

The Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) are being recognized for their transformative role in improving maternal and child health, increasing immunization coverage, promoting nutrition, and managing disease outbreaks, even in Nepal’s most geographically and socially challenged regions.

Public Health Calendar 5
FCHVs

The FCHVs efforts have significantly contributed to reducing maternal mortality from 901 per 100,000 live births in 1990 to 151 in 2021, and under-five mortality from 162 to 28 per 1,000 live births (NDHS 2022, UNICEF). Internationally recognized as a low-cost, high-impact model, the FCHV program is a replicable example of sustainable, gender-equitable, and community-led health systems strengthening.

Dr. Satendra Singh, Director-Professor of Physiology at the University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, has been selected for the award in the individual category for  championing disability inclusion in health systems and medical education.

Drawing from his own lived experience with disability, Dr Singh has spearheaded transformative advocacy that reframed disability from a medical limitation to a human rights issue, influencing policies, curricula, and institutional practices in India and across the world. Dr. Singh’s work exemplifies sustainable, inclusive public health innovation rooted in equity and empowerment.

The LEPRA Society, an NGO operating since 1989, has been selected as a Public Health Champion in the institution category. It has played a pivotal role in medical breakthroughs such as the development of Clofazimine to treat leprosy, the introduction of Multi-Drug Therapy, and the creation of custom-made footwear to prevent ulcers.

The LEPRA Society operates across nine states and 143 districts in India, providing services through 146 healthcare centers in underserved and hard-to-reach areas. It has expanded its work to address other health challenges like tuberculosis, HIV, lymphatic filariasis, and also COVID-19 during the pandemic. The LEPRA Society remains a person-centered healthcare provider that integrates innovation, research, and compassion to serve marginalized communities and improve public health.

WHO South-East Asia Regional Office announced the Award for Public Health Champion in June this year, to honor extraordinary efforts of individuals and institutions whose contributions have created a lasting impact in public health and resulted in tangible health gains for Member States or for the Region as a whole.  Fifty nominations were  received for the award from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Thailand.

The Champions will be felicitated at an event on the sidelines of the 78th session of the WHO South-East Asia Regional Committee meeting in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

WHO SEARO


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  • Call for nominations: WHO South-East Asia Award for Public Health Champion
    Date
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America First Global Health Strategy
Global Health NewsInternational HealthInternational Plan, Policy & GuidelinesPublic Health NewsPublic Health Update

America First Global Health Strategy

by Public Health Update September 19, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

The U.S. Department of State has released its America First Global Health Strategy, which outlines a comprehensive vision to make America safer, stronger, and more prosperous while saving millions of lives around the world and preventing infectious disease outbreaks from reaching American shores.  The strategy is built on three pillars.

  • Safer – Strengthen global disease surveillance, respond quickly to outbreaks, and protect U.S. borders.
  • Stronger – Use health assistance strategically through multi-year agreements to build resilient local systems, reduce dependency, and encourage co-investment.
  • More Prosperous – Safeguard the U.S. economy by preventing outbreaks, while promoting American health innovation and products worldwide.

The strategy aims to save lives, build resilient health systems, and keep America safer, stronger, and more prosperous.

This strategy builds on the successes of past global health programs.  Over the last 25 years, the United States global health programs have:

  • Prevented thousands of infectious disease outbreaks from reaching American shores.
  • Saved over 26 million lives through the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and millions of additional lives through other global health programs.
  • Prevented 7.8 million babies from being born with HIV / AIDS.

However, it is highlighted that the global health programs have become inefficient and wasteful and created a culture of dependency among recipient countries.

  • Today, less than 40% of health foreign assistance goes to frontline supplies and health care workers.
    • ~25% of funds are used to purchase commodities (e.g., diagnostics, drugs)
    • ~15% of funds are used to employ over 270,000 frontline healthcare workers (e.g., mostly nurses and community health workers)
  • The remaining 60% of funds are spent on technical assistance, program management, and other forms of overhead costs.
  • Over the past 25 years, US health programs have created a culture of dependency among many recipient countries.

Future direction

This strategy aims to strengthen bilateral relationships with key countries by entering multi-year bilateral agreements that advance American interests, save lives, and enable economic growth:

  • The US global health foreign assistance program is not just aid – it is a strategic mechanism to further US bilateral interests around the world. Moving forward, we will utilize health foreign assistance to advance U.S. priorities and move countries toward resilient and durable local health systems. 
  • The US Government will do this by entering multi-year bilateral agreements with recipient countries that lay out clear goals and action plans.
    • Frontline Commodities & Healthcare Workers: Bilateral agreements will ensure that 100% of funding for all frontline commodity purchases and all frontline healthcare workers is maintained.
    • Data Systems: Bilateral agreements will ensure there are data systems in place to monitor epidemiology data, service delivery data, and supply chain data.
    • Technical Assistance, Program Management and Overhead: Bilateral agreements will work to rapidly transition U.S. technical assistance from supporting individual clinical sites to supporting governments in taking over key functions. This will include more direct government-to-government assistance as well as leveraging the private sector and faith-based organizations. 
    • Co-Investment: Bilateral agreements will require recipient governments to co-invest in these efforts and include performance benchmarks that must be met in order to release future U.S. health foreign assistance funding.
  • The US Government aims to complete bilateral agreements with recipient countries receiving the vast majority of U.S. health foreign assistance by December 31, 2025 with the goal of beginning to implement these new agreements by April 2026.

DOWNLOAD : America First Global Health Strategy

Official website

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The 2025 Global Health 50/50 Report
Global Health NewsInternational Plan, Policy & GuidelinesReports

The 2025 Global Health 50/50 Report

by Public Health Update September 15, 2025
written by Public Health Update

Overview

The Global 50/50 is an independent research and advocacy initiative working to advance gender equality and health equity. Established in 2017 as Global Health 50/50, it combines academic rigour, policy insight, and advocacy to bridge evidence and action. Its work has influenced over 200 global health organisations, setting benchmarks for equality and accountability. Now expanding beyond health, Global 50/50’s vision spans three pillars—Global Health 50/50, Global Justice 50/50 (launching 2025), and Global Finance 50/50 (launching 2026)—to expose and address systemic gender inequalities across global systems.

The 2025 Global 50/50 Report

This eighth annual report reveals a marked downturn in the public availability of organisational commitments and policies for workplace fairness and equity. The fragile gains of previous years remind us that the road to social justice, including gender justice, is long, with inevitable setbacks. 

Key points

  • This year’s Global Health 50/50 Report covers 199 organisations across 37 countries, representing 4M+ employees.
  • For the first time since monitoring began in 2017, the Report documents a regression across key gender, fairness, and equity indicators.
  • The downturn is most visible among organisations – both for-profit and nonprofit – with US federal grants or contracts, where compliance pressures from the current US administration have led many to withdraw or dilute their public commitments. 
  • While recognising the challenges posed by the current climate, this moment of rupture can also provide us with an opportunity to reclaim, rethink and realise more sustainable and equitable institutions and systems in the future.

What ‘holding the line’ means will vary from organisation to organisation, but all of us within the global health sector have a role to play:

  1. Workplace: Uphold and implement the core commitments of gender equality, fairness, and equity.
  2. Leadership: Lead boldly and visibly.
  3. Global Health Community: Reassert the core principles of fairness and equity as the global health landscape shifts.

Read the full Report here: https://global5050.org


  • Global Health 50/50 Report (2018)
    Date
    June 9, 2018
  • The 2021 Global Health 50/50 report, “Gender equality: Flying blind in a time of crisis
    Date
    March 12, 2021
  • HSR2020 “Re-imagining health systems for better health and social justice”
    Date
    May 17, 2019
September 15, 2025 0 comments
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