PH Important DayPublic Health

Dignity in Mental Health: World Mental Health Day 2015

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
World Mental Health Day is observed on 10 October every year, with the overall objective of raising awareness of mental health issues around the world and mobilizing efforts in support of mental health.
The Day provides an opportunity for all stakeholders working on mental health issues to talk about their work, and what more needs to be done to make mental health care a reality for people worldwide.

mental
Thousands of people with mental health conditions around the world are deprived of their human rights. They are not only discriminated against, stigmatised and marginalised but are also subject to emotional and physical abuse in both mental health facilities and the community. Poor quality care due to a lack of qualified health professionals and dilapidated facilities leads to further violations.




The theme for this year’s World Mental Health Day, observed on 10 October, is “Dignity in mental health”. This year, WHO will be raising awareness of what can be done to ensure that people with mental health conditions can continue to live with dignity, through human rights oriented policy and law, training of health professionals, respect for informed consent to treatment, inclusion in decision-making processes, and public information campaigns.
Source: World Health Organization 

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Public Health

New recommendations of WHO "Treat-All" for People living with HIV and those at risk

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
30 SEPTEMBER 2015
GENEVA

Treat all people living with HIV, offer antiretrovirals as additional prevention choice for people at “substantial” risk

New policies could help avert more than 21 million deaths and 28 million new infections by 2030

Anyone infected with HIV should begin antiretroviral treatment as soon after diagnosis as possible, WHO announced Wednesday. With its “Treat-All” recommendation, WHO removes all limitations on eligibility for antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV; all populations and age groups are now eligible for treatment.


The expanded use of antiretroviral treatment is supported by recent findings from clinical trials confirming that early use of ART keeps people living with HIV alive, healthier and reduces the risk of transmitting the virus to partners.
WHO now also recommends that people at “substantial” risk of HIV should be offered preventive antiretroviral treatment. This new recommendation builds on 2014 WHO guidance to offer a combination of antiretroviral drugs to prevent HIV acquisition, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), for men who have sex with men. Following further evidence of the effectiveness and acceptability of PrEP, WHO has now broadened this recommendation to support the offer of PrEP to other population groups at significant HIV risk. PrEP should be seen as an additional prevention choice based on a comprehensive package of services, including HIV testing, counselling and support, and access to condoms and safe injection equipment. 

                        Download Guideline

who
Download Guideline

New recommendations on early use of ART and expanded offer of PrEP are contained in WHO’s “Guideline on when to start antiretroviral therapy and on pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV.” The new guideline stresses that, in order to effectively implement the recommendations, countries will need to ensure that testing and treatment for HIV infection are readily available and that those undergoing treatment are supported to adhere to recommended regimens and are retained in care.


The recommendations were developed as part of a comprehensive update of the “WHO consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for preventing and treating HIV infection”. This early release guideline is shared ahead of the full publication, slated for release later this year, because of their potential for public health impact.

HIV

Based on the new recommendations, the number of people eligible for antiretroviral treatment increases from 28 million to all 37 million people who currently live with HIV globally. Expanding access to treatment is at the heart of a new set of targets for 2020 with the aim to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. These targets include 90% of people living with HIV being aware of their HIV infection, 90% of those receiving antiretroviral treatment, and 90% of people on ART having no detectable virus in their blood.
According to UNAIDS estimates, expanding ART to all people living with HIV and expanding prevention choices can help avert 21 million AIDS-related deaths and 28 million new infections by 2030. 
Download Guideline Download Guideline

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PH Important DayPublic Health

Heart-Healthy Environments- World Heart Day

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
World Heart Day takes place on 29 September every year and is a chance for people across the globe to take part in the world’s biggest intervention against cardiovascular disease (CVD).

This World Heart Day, our focus is on creating healthy heart environments. By ensuring that everyone has the chance to make healthy heart choices wherever they live, work and play, World Heart Day encourages us all to reduce our cardiovascular risk, and promotes a heart-healthy planet for those around us.RM News WHD2015

This year, World Heart Day’s theme is creating heart-healthy environments. The places in which we live, work and play should not increase our risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). But individuals frequently cannot make heart-healthy choices due to environmental factors, such as the availability of healthy food or smoke-free zones.
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The Himalayantimes Newspaper Daily (29th Sep 2015)


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PH Important DayPublic Health

''End Rabies Together'' : World Rabies Day

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
World Rabies Day is globally observed on Sep 28. This is an international event leaded by Global Alliance for Rabies Control and endorsed by various organizations. this event focus on raising the awareness and help to take action to prevent globally. This year WRD is going to be celebrate with the slogan ”End Rabies Together”
Rabies is an infectious viral disease that is almost always fatal following the onset of clinical signs.                            World Rabies Day

In more than 99% of human cases, the rabies virus is transmitted by domestic dogs. Rabies affects domestic and wild animals, and is spread to people through bites or scratches, usually via saliva.
Rabies is present on all continents with the exception of Antarctica, but more than 95% of human deaths occur in Asia and Africa.

Rabies is a neglected disease of poor and vulnerable populations whose deaths are rarely reported and where human vaccines and immunoglobulin are not readily available or accessible. It occurs mainly in remote rural communities where children between the age of 5–14 years are the most frequent victims.

Rabies kills nearly 25,000 people every year in the WHO South-East Asia Region which accounts for 45% of global deaths caused by the disease. Over 1.5 billion people in the Region are at risk of rabies infection. 

Every year an estimated 4 million people take rabies preventive vaccines, mostly after dog bites. About 40% people exposed to dog bites are children in the age group of 5 to 15 years. As of today, rabies has no cure. Eliminating rabies is an important public health goal.

– Dr Poonam Khetrapal Singh, WHO Regional Director for South-East Asia
Prevention

  • Eliminating rabies in dogs 
  • Preventive immunization in people
  • Pre-exposure immunization is also recommended for people in certain high-risk occupations. 
  • Rabies is a vaccine-preventable viral disease which occurs in more than 150 countries and territories.
  • Dogs are the source of the vast majority of human rabies deaths.
  • Rabies elimination is feasible by vaccinating dogs.
  • Infection causes tens of thousands of deaths every year, mostly in Asia and Africa.
  • 40% of people who are bitten by suspect rabid animals are children under 15 years of age.
  • Immediate wound cleansing with soap and water after contact with a suspect rabid animal can be life-saving.
  • Every year, more than 15 million people worldwide receive a post-bite vaccination to prevent the disease; this is estimated to prevent hundreds of thousands of rabies deaths annually.
Source of Information: World Health Organization


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PH Important DayPublic Health

First safe abortion service day marked

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
Kathmandu, Sept 26: It has been 13 years since Nepal legalized abortion and 751,694 have taken this service during this period.

The 11th amendment to the Civil Code on 26 September 2002 opened the way for legal facility for abortion (up to 12 weeks of pregnancy) and up to 18 weeks in unusual cases like rape and incest. But the consent of woman is needed. 
Nepal marked Friday as the first safe abortion service day under the theme of Family Planning Necessary to prevent unwanted pregnancy: safe abortion in needed’.

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Photo: Capture from Kantipur National Daily
The Family Health Division, the Ministry of Health and Population here Friday organised a programme marking the day where it was shared that only 38 per cent of women entering into reproductive age are aware that abortion is legalized in the country.
Of the total maternal mortality rate, seven percent was due to unsafe measures taken during abortion. The statistics show that of 100 pregnant women, eight underwent abortion and 25 per cent had unwanted pregnancy.
Division Director Prof Dr Pushpa Chaudhary said the safe abortion services are available in all the 75 districts across the country. She urged couples not to take this service as an alternative means to family planning. 



The government in the current budget announced free abortion services in the government health institutes.
Also speaking on the occasion, Minister for Health and Population Khagaraj Adhikari said abortion for determining sex is not allowed and the Ministry has formed a mechanism to control this. 
Source:RSS, Saturday 26th of September 2015
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Maternal, Newborn and Child HealthPublic HealthPublic Health NotesSustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

UN Sustainable Development Goals : Health-related Sustainable Development Goals targets

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update

More than 150 world leaders will gather at United Nations Headquarters in New York to formally adopt an ambitious new sustainable development agenda at a 3-day summit beginning Friday 25 September.
2015 presents a historic and unprecedented opportunity to bring the countries and citizens of the world together to decide and embark on new paths to improve the lives of people everywhere. These decisions will determine the global course of action to end poverty, promote prosperity and well-being for all, protect the environment and address climate change.

Agreed by the 193 Member States of the UN, the new agenda, Transforming Our World: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, consists of a Declaration, 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets.

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Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
  • 1.3: Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and measures for all, including floors, and by 2030 achieve substantial coverage of the poor and the vulnerable

  • 1.5: By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters

Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
  • 2.1: By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round

  • 2.2: By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons

Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
  • 3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births 

  • 3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births
  • 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
  • 3.4 By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
  • 3.5 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
  • 3.6 By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
  • 3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes
  • 3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all
  • 3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
  • 3.a Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate
  • 3.b Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and noncommunicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all
  • 3.c Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least developed countries and small island developing States
  • 3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks

Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
  • 4.5 By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations

  • 4.a Build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive and provide safe, nonviolent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all

Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
  • 5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation

  • 5.3 Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation
  • 5.6 Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferences

Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
  • 6.1 By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all

  • 6.2 By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations

Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
  • 7.1 By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services

Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
  • 8.5 By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value

  • 8.7 Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms 
  • 8.8 Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment


Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
  • 10.2 By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status

  • 10.7 Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies

Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
  • 11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums

  • 11.2 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons
  • 11.5 By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations
  • 11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
  • 11.b By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels

Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
  • 12.4 By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment

Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
  • 13.3 Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning

Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
  • 16.2 End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children

  • 16.9 By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration

Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
  • 17.18 By 2020, enhance capacity-building support to developing countries, including for least developed countries and small island developing States, to increase significantly the availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by income, gender, age, race, ethnicity, migratory status, disability, geographic location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts.


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Health SystemsMaternal, Newborn and Child HealthPrimary Health CarePublic HealthSustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG GOAL 3 TARGETS: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
Ensuring healthy lives and promoting the well-being for all at all ages is essential to sustainable development. Significant strides have been made in increasing life expectancy and reducing some of the common killers associated with child and maternal mortality. Major progress has been made on increasing access to clean water and sanitation, reducing malaria, tuberculosis, polio and the spread of HIV/AIDS. However, many more efforts are needed to fully eradicate a wide range of diseases and address many different persistent and emerging health issues.
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GOAL 3 TARGETS:

  • By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births

  • By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births
  • By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
  • By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
  • Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
  • By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents 3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes
  • Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all
  • By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
  • Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate
  • Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and noncommunicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all
  • Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least developed countries and small island developing States
  • Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks.


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Health SystemsMaternal, Newborn and Child HealthPrimary Health CarePublic HealthSustainable Development Goals (SDGs)Universal Health Coverage

SDG 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
WHO welcomes the launch of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and commits to work with partners around the world to achieve the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
21592847046 1285823d3c
Building on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the SDG agenda demonstrates unprecedented scope and ambition. Poverty eradication, health, education, and food security and nutrition remain priorities, but the 17 SDGs also encompass a broad range of economic, social and environmental objectives, as well as the promise of more peaceful and inclusive societies.

SDG 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages, profiles health as a desirable outcome in its own right. Importantly, however, health is also presented as an input to other goals, and a reliable measure of how well sustainable development is progressing in general.


The health goal itself includes new targets for key issues on which major progress has been made under the MDGs. The global HIV, TB and malaria epidemics have been turned around. Worldwide, child mortality and maternal mortality have dropped greatly, by 53% and more than 40% respectively since 1990.
But much remains to be done. Reports of global progress have often masked discrepancies in progress between and within countries. There is a recognition of the need to focus not only on ensuring that people survive, but that they thrive as well.

It has also become clear that the world would be a healthier place if there were global targets for a much wider range of issues. Importantly, the new goal includes targets for tackling noncommunicable diseases. It also covers health security; reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health; infectious diseases and universal health coverage.
WHO looks forward to collaborating with partners to meet all these targets, and particularly welcomes the inclusion of universal health coverage. Universal health coverage expresses the very spirit of the new development agenda, with its emphasis on equity and social inclusion that leaves no one behind.

WHO statement 


READ ALSO: GOAL 3 TARGETS

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PH Important DayPublic Health

“Pharmacist: Your partner in Health”: World Pharmacists Day 2015

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update




The International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) strongly encourages all pharmacists and their associations across the globe to participate in World Pharmacists Day on 25 September. This year’s theme is:


“Pharmacist: Your partner in Health”

Medicines must go hand in hand with pharmaceutical expertise, or in other words, with pharmacists. This is a partnership essential to the responsible use of medicines. But other partnerships are also important. Every day three million pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists around the world act as partners to patients, other health care professionals and other scientists, throughout the whole supply chain and with the shared vision of better health.

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Across the globe our profession is clearly demonstrating all the requirements of great partnerships; shared goals, commitment, vital skills and rapport, as well as the ability to have difficult talks and to overcome obstacles.

World Pharmacists Day 2015: celebrate and promote our profession. All over the world, on Friday 25 September, pharmacists will celebrate World Pharmacists Day. This special day, now in its fifth year, was established by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), the global federation of national associations of pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists, which is in official relations with the World Health Organization. Through our 132 member organisations, we represent over three million experts in medicines. September 25 was suggested by our Turkish members because it is the date that FIP came into existence in 1912. 

By Dr Carmen Peña, President, International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP)



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Public Health

Malaria MDG target achieved amid sharp drop in cases and mortality, but 3 billion people remain at risk- WHO

by Public Health Update
written by Public Health Update
17 SEPTEMBER 2015
LONDON
Malaria death rates have plunged by 60% since 2000, translating into 6.2 million lives saved, the vast majority of them children, according to a joint WHO-UNICEF report released.

The report – “Achieving the malaria MDG target” – shows that the malaria MDG target to “have halted and begun to reverse the incidence” of malaria by 2015, has been met “convincingly”, with new malaria cases dropping by 37% in 15 years.

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Download Report: Achieving the malaria MDG target: reversing the incidence of malaria 2000–2015
September 2015



“Global malaria control is one of the great public health success stories of the past 15 years,” said Dr. Margaret Chan, Director-General of WHO. “It’s a sign that our strategies are on target, and that we can beat this ancient killer, which still claims hundreds of thousands of lives, mostly children, each year.”

An increasing number of countries are on the verge of eliminating malaria. In 2014, 13 countries reported zero cases of the disease and 6 countries reported fewer than 10 cases. The fastest decreases were seen in the Caucasus and Central Asia, which reported zero cases in 2014, and in Eastern Asia.

September 2015


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