The National TB Control Center has released the Protocol for the Management of TB Preventive Treatment (TPT), which outlines comprehensive guidelines for preventing the progression of TB infection to active TB disease. The primary objective of TPT is to prevent the progression of TB infection into TB disease.
The program’s priority for TPT will be all children under 5 years old who are household contacts of people with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB and all PLHIV.
TPT will also be expanded to other household contacts aged 5 years or more.
Symptom screening will be conducted for TB contacts under 5 years old and PLHIV, with TPT provided, based on the presence or absence of symptoms.
Other groups (contacts aged >5 years) will undergo additional tests (X-ray, bacteriological, and/or serological test) to rule out active TB, and only then can be initiated for TPT.
Serological tests (like TST, IGRA or TBST) to be done as available for detection of TB infection.
For non-PLHIV, the preferred TPT regimen will be a combination containing isoniazid and rifapentine (HP). However, children aged less than 2 years or less will still receive 3 months of HR, and HP will be provided to those aged 2 years and above. − If HP containing regimen is not available, then 3 HR will continue to be the choice of regimen.
For PLHIV, the preferred regimen is 3 HP. If the 3-month HP regimen is not available, a 6-month isoniazid (INH) regimen will be preferred choice for TPT.
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